The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.